{"id":4173,"date":"2025-06-02T11:27:25","date_gmt":"2025-06-05T04:18:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=4173"},"modified":"2025-06-05T11:27:25","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T04:18:25","slug":"%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92swift%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84initializer%e4%b8%8d%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e7%88%b6%e9%a1%9e%e5%88%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e5%8c%96%e5%99%a8-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/swift\/%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92swift%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84initializer%e4%b8%8d%e8%a6%86%e8%93%8b%e7%88%b6%e9%a1%9e%e5%88%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e5%8c%96%e5%99%a8-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Swift \u4e2d\u7684 Initializer\uff1a\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e0d\u8986\u84cb\u7236\u985e\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5668\u7684\u554f\u984c"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Swift \u4e2d\u7684 Initializer\uff1a\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e0d\u8986\u84cb\u7236\u985e\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5668\u7684\u554f\u984c<\/h1>\n

Swift \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u69cb\u5efa iOS \u548c macOS \u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u958b\u767c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u201cInitializer \u4e0d\u6703\u8986\u84cb\u5176\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u91cb\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6210\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f Initializer\uff1f<\/h2>\n

Initializer \u662f Swift \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u5728\u7269\u4ef6\u88ab\u5275\u5efa\u6642\u6703\u88ab\u8abf\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c0d\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u9032\u884c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 initializer \u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u7269\u4ef6\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u8655\u65bc\u6709\u6548\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u7528\u65bc\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u53c3\u6578\u4ee5\u8a2d\u7f6e\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u88ab\u91cd\u5beb\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c0d\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u9032\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u201cInitializer \u4e0d\u6703\u8986\u84cb\u5176\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u201d\u932f\u8aa4\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u201cInitializer \u4e0d\u6703\u8986\u84cb\u5176\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u201d\u932f\u8aa4\u767c\u751f\u5728\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u8207\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u5217\u8868\u6642\u3002\u9019\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4 Swift \u7de8\u8b6f\u5668\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u78ba\u7e7c\u627f\u6216\u91cd\u5beb\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u908f\u8f2f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8209\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u8d85\u985e\u5225 `Animal`\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u63a5\u53d7\u540d\u7a31\u548c\u5e74\u9f61\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u5b50\u985e\u5225 `Dog` \u537b\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u540d\u7a31\u4f5c\u70ba\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u5c31\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e0a\u8ff0\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u201cInitializer \u4e0d\u6703\u8986\u84cb\u5176\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u201d\u932f\u8aa4\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u89e3\u6c7a\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. **\u4fdd\u6301\u53c3\u6578\u4e00\u81f4**\uff1a\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u8207\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u5217\u8868\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd Swift \u80fd\u5920\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

“`swift
\n class Animal {
\n var name: String
\n var age: Int<\/p>\n

init(name: String, age: Int) {
\n self.name = name
\n self.age = age
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

class Dog: Animal {
\n var breed: String<\/p>\n

init(name: String, age: Int, breed: String) {
\n self.breed = breed
\n super.init(name: name, age: age)
\n }
\n }
\n “`<\/p>\n

2. **\u4f7f\u7528 `super.init`**\uff1a\u5728\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 `super.init` \u4f86\u547c\u53eb\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u90fd\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

“`swift
\n class Dog: Animal {
\n var breed: String<\/p>\n

init(name: String, age: Int, breed: String) {
\n self.breed = breed
\n super.init(name: name, age: age) \/\/ \u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u8abf\u7528\u8d85\u985e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50
\n }
\n }
\n “`<\/p>\n

\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664\u8207\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u82e5\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u9047\u5230\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n

– \u78ba\u4fdd\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u6240\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u90fd\u6b63\u78ba\u8abf\u7528 `super.init`\u3002
\n– \u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53c3\u6578\u540d\u7a31\u767c\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u3002
\n– \u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6642\u90fd\u88ab\u8ce6\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Swift \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u9078\u578b\u5225\u548c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8a8d\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u8cea\u91cf\u548c\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8a73\u7d30\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u201cInitializer \u4e0d\u6703\u8986\u84cb\u5176\u8d85\u985e\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u201d\u932f\u8aa4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7a\u8a72\u554f\u984c\u3002\u900f\u904e\u4fdd\u6301\u53c3\u6578\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528 `super.init`\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684 Swift \u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u66f4\u52a0\u5065\u58ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff08Q&A\uff09<\/h2>\n

Q1: \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u78ba\u4fdd\u4e86\u7269\u4ef6\u5728\u5275\u5efa\u6642\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c6c\u6027\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4fdd\u6301\u7269\u4ef6\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

Q2: \u5982\u4f55\u77e5\u9053\u4f55\u6642\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 `super.init`\uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u7576\u4f60\u7684\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u91cd\u5beb\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u6642\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5728\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\u4e2d\u8abf\u7528 `super.init` \u4f86\u78ba\u4fdd\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u4e5f\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

Q3: \u5982\u679c\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u91cd\u5beb\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff0c\u8a72\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5beb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u985e\u5225\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u5b50\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u908f\u8f2f\u3002<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6587\u7ae0\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u5728Swift\u4e2d\uff0cInitializer\u662f\u7528\u4f86\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679cInitializer\u4e0d\u8986\u84cb\u7236\u985e\u5225\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6c7aInitializer\u4e0d\u8986\u84cb\u7236\u985e\u5225\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5668\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[174,5],"tags":[173,9],"class_list":["post-4173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ios","category-swift","tag-ios","tag-swift"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-15j","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4173"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4174,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4173\/revisions\/4174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4173"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4173"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}