{"id":3436,"date":"2025-05-31T15:14:27","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T07:46:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=3436"},"modified":"2025-06-04T15:14:27","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T07:46:27","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84functools%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8%ef%bc%9a%e6%8f%90%e5%8d%87%e7%a8%8b%e5%bc%8f%e6%95%88%e7%8e%87%e7%9a%84%e5%88%a9%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84functools%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8%ef%bc%9a%e6%8f%90%e5%8d%87%e7%a8%8b%e5%bc%8f%e6%95%88%e7%8e%87%e7%9a%84%e5%88%a9%e5%99%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u63d0\u5347Python\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5fc5\u5099\u5de5\u5177\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3functools\u6a21\u7d44"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"Python, functools, Python \u6559\u5b78, \u7a0b\u5f0f\u6548\u7387\"><\/p>\n<h1>\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u4e2d\u7684 functools \u6a21\u7d44<\/h1>\n<p>Python \u4e2d\u7684 functools \u6a21\u7d44\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u9ad8\u968e\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u51fd\u5f0f\u80fd\u5920\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e26\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u9032\u884c\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u9032\u884c\u8a08\u7b97\uff0cfunctools \u6a21\u7d44\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>functools \u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n<p>functools \u6a21\u7d44\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u51fd\u5f0f\u80fd\u5920\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u7c21\u5316\u4ee3\u78bc\u4e26\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>partial(func, *args, **keywords)<\/strong>\uff1a\u56fa\u5b9a\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u6e1b\u5c11\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u6578\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>reduce(function, iterable[,initializer])<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u9032\u884c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u7d42\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u805a\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>map(function, iterable, &#8230;)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0d\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u500b\u5143\u7d20\u61c9\u7528\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>filter(function, iterable)<\/strong>\uff1a\u904e\u6ffe\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u50c5\u4fdd\u7559\u7b26\u5408\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>cmp_to_key(func)<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c07\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u51fd\u5f0f\u8f49\u63db\u70ba key \u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u65bc\u7528\u65bc\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u986f\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7684\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u8207\u57f7\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4f7f\u7528 functools \u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u5be6\u4f5c\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u793a\u7bc4\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 functools \u6a21\u7d44\u4e2d\u7684 partial \u51fd\u5f0f\u4f86\u56fa\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u53c3\u6578\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;`python<br \/>\nfrom functools import partial<\/p>\n<p>def add(a, b):<br \/>\n    return a + b<\/p>\n<p># \u4f7f\u7528 partial \u5c07\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u56fa\u5b9a\u70ba 1<br \/>\nadd_one = partial(add, 1)<\/p>\n<p>print(add_one(2))  # \u8f38\u51fa: 3<br \/>\n&#8220;`<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u5f0f `add`\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528 `partial` \u5c07\u5176\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u56fa\u5b9a\u70ba 1\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f `add_one`\u3002\u9019\u6a23\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ea\u9700\u50b3\u5165\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8f15\u9b06\u5f97\u5230 1 \u8207\u8a72\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u7e3d\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664\u8207\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 functools \u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; **TypeError**\uff1a\u7576\u4f7f\u7528 `partial` \u6642\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u985e\u578b\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u985e\u578b\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; **ValueError**\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 `reduce` \u6642\uff0c\u82e5\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5c0d\u8c61\u70ba\u7a7a\uff0c\u800c\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b `initializer`\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u78ba\u4fdd\u5728\u8abf\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u51fd\u5f0f\u6642\uff0c\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u985e\u578b\u548c\u6578\u91cf\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n<p>functools \u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u4fee\u98fe\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u7528\u65bc\u5275\u5efa\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u908f\u8f2f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7d50\u5408 `reduce` \u548c `map` \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u6578\u64da\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5834\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a Python \u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0 [Python \u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u7528\u6cd5](https:\/\/vocus.cc\/article\/abcdefg) \u4ee5\u64f4\u5c55\u60a8\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n<p>Python \u4e2d\u7684 functools \u6a21\u7d44\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5728\u7de8\u5beb\u51fd\u5f0f\u6642\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u53c3\u6578\u3001\u6578\u64da\u904e\u6ffe\u9084\u662f\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 functools \u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u60a8\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u66f4\u52a0\u7c21\u6f54\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u5347\u57f7\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Q&#038;A\uff08\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>**Q1\uff1a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f functools \u6a21\u7d44\uff1f**<br \/>\nA1\uff1afunctools \u6a21\u7d44\u662f Python \u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6a19\u6e96\u5eab\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9ad8\u968e\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u64cd\u4f5c\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>**Q2\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 partial \u51fd\u5f0f\uff1f**<br \/>\nA2\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 `partial` \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53c3\u6578\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u5275\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u7c21\u5316\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u6e1b\u5c11\u51fd\u5f0f\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u6578\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>**Q3\uff1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 functools \u6642\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f**<br \/>\nA3\uff1a\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u5305\u62ec\u985e\u578b\u932f\u8aa4\uff08TypeError\uff09\u548c\u503c\u932f\u8aa4\uff08ValueError\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u53c3\u6578\u985e\u578b\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u6216\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5c0d\u8c61\u70ba\u7a7a\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3Python\u4e2d\u7684functools\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u91cd\u8907\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5f0f\u57f7\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8b93\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u66f4\u52a0\u9748\u6d3b\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\u7dad\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-3436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-Tq","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3436"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3436\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3437,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3436\/revisions\/3437"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}