{"id":3368,"date":"2025-05-29T15:21:48","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:06:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=3368"},"modified":"2025-06-04T15:21:48","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:06:47","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84members%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84members%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u4e2d\u7684 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\uff1a\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"Python, dir(), \u7269\u4ef6\u5c6c\u6027, \u65b9\u6cd5\"><\/p>\n<h1>\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u4e2d\u7684 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578<\/h1>\n<p>\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c`dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u5167\u5efa\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u5176\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>\u4f7f\u7528 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u76f8\u7576\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: python\">\nclass MyClass:\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.a = 1\n        self.b = 2\n    \n    def my_method(self):\n        return \"Hello, World!\"\n\nobj = MyClass()\n\n# \u53d6\u5f97\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\nattrs = dir(obj)\n\n# \u5370\u51fa\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\nprint(attrs)\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u57f7\u884c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u5c07\u770b\u5230\u985e\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: python\">\n['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'a', 'b', 'my_method']\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\uff0c`dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u6703\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u5305\u542b\u7269\u4ef6\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e86\u89e3\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u6642\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u60a8\u8003\u616e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u9ede\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1. **\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd4\u56de\u7d50\u679c**\uff1a`dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u4e0d\u50c5\u8fd4\u56de\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u9084\u5305\u62ec Python \u5167\u90e8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c6c\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u96d9\u4e0b\u5283\u7dda\u958b\u982d\u548c\u7d50\u5c3e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u6839\u64da\u9700\u8981\u904e\u6ffe\u9019\u4e9b\u7d50\u679c\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8996\u5716\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. **\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664**\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u6642\u9047\u5230\u610f\u5916\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u7269\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u6216\u7269\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. **\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u61c9\u7528**\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07 `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u8207 `getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u52d5\u614b\u8a2a\u554f\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u958b\u767c\u5927\u578b\u61c9\u7528\u6642\u7279\u5225\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n<p>`dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u5e6b\u52a9\u6211\u5011\u5feb\u901f\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u5347\u958b\u767c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u900f\u904e\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528 `dir()`\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c Python \u7269\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a Python \u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003 [\u9019\u7bc7\u6559\u5b78\u6587\u7ae0](https:\/\/vocus.cc\/article\/xyz) \u3002<\/p>\n<h2>Q&#038;A\uff08\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>**Q1: `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u8207 `members()` \u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f**<br \/>\nA: \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c`members()` \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u51fd\u6578\u662f `dir()`\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u5920\u5217\u51fa\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>**Q2: `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u6703\u8fd4\u56de\u54ea\u4e9b\u985e\u578b\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff1f**<br \/>\nA: `dir()` \u6703\u8fd4\u56de\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5be6\u4f8b\u8b8a\u6578\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Python \u5167\u90e8\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c6c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>**Q3: \u5982\u4f55\u904e\u6ffe `dir()` \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff1f**<br \/>\nA: \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5c0e\u5f0f\u4f86\u904e\u6ffe `dir()` \u7684\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ea\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u4ee5\u96d9\u4e0b\u5283\u7dda\u958b\u982d\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff1a`[attr for attr in dir(obj) if not attr.startswith(&#8216;__&#8217;)]`\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e86\u89e3Python\u4e2d\u7684members()\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6210\u54e1\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u6aa2\u67e5\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6210\u54e1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39members()\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u4f86\u89e3\u91cb\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-3368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-Sk","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3368","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3368"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3368\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3369,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3368\/revisions\/3369"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3368"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3368"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}