{"id":3306,"date":"2025-05-28T15:32:20","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=3306"},"modified":"2025-06-04T15:32:20","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:17:19","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84getattr%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84getattr%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u4e2d\u7684 getattr() \u51fd\u6578\uff1a\u7528\u6cd5\u3001\u7bc4\u4f8b\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u4e2d\u7684 getattr() \u51fd\u6578<\/h1>\n

\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u52d5\u614b\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u503c\u3002\u9019\u500b\u51fd\u6578\u63a5\u53d7\u4e09\u500b\u53c3\u6578\uff1a\u7269\u4ef6\u3001\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u9078\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\u3002\u7576\u7269\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8a72\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\uff0c`getattr()` \u6703\u8fd4\u56de\u8a72\u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u8fd4\u56de\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u6703\u62cb\u51fa `AttributeError`\u3002<\/p>\n

getattr() \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b `getattr()` \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nclass Person:
\n def __init__(self, name, age):
\n self.name = name
\n self.age = age<\/p>\n

person = Person(‘John’, 20)<\/p>\n

# \u53d6\u5f97 name \u5c6c\u6027
\nname = getattr(person, ‘name’)
\nprint(name) # John<\/p>\n

# \u53d6\u5f97 age \u5c6c\u6027
\nage = getattr(person, ‘age’)
\nprint(age) # 20<\/p>\n

# \u53d6\u5f97\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u9810\u8a2d\u503c
\ngender = getattr(person, ‘gender’, ‘Male’)
\nprint(gender) # Male
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u9996\u5148\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b `Person` \u985e\u5225\uff0c\u4e26\u5275\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba `person` \u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u4f86\u53d6\u5f97 `name` \u548c `age` \u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5617\u8a66\u7372\u53d6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684 `gender` \u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u500b\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\u70ba ‘Male’\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9032\u968e\u7528\u6cd5\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c`getattr()` \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5834\u5408\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8655\u7406\u52d5\u614b\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7269\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u76f4\u63a5\u8a2a\u554f\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n

“`python
\nattributes = [‘name’, ‘age’, ‘gender’]\nfor attr in attributes:
\n value = getattr(person, attr, ‘Unknown’)
\n print(f”{attr}: {value}”)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u9019\u6bb5\u4ee3\u78bc\u4e2d\u7684 `for` \u8ff4\u5708\u6703\u904d\u6b77\u4e00\u7d44\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u7372\u53d6\u6bcf\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u8fd4\u56de ‘Unknown’\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u767c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u6642\u9047\u5230 `AttributeError`\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u62fc\u5beb\u932f\u8aa4\u6216\u7269\u4ef6\u672a\u6b63\u78ba\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u62fc\u5beb\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u4e26\u6aa2\u67e5\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n

`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\u3001\u52d5\u614b\u5275\u5efa\u5c6c\u6027\u6216\u5728\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5c04\u7b49\u5834\u5408\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97 Python \u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u80fd\u5920\u7de8\u5beb\u66f4\u52a0\u52d5\u614b\u548c\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u7684\u66f4\u591a\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u53c3\u8003 [\u9019\u7bc7\u6559\u5b78\u6587\u7ae0](https:\/\/vocus.cc\/article\/6053b0a7fd89780001e6abec)\uff0c\u5b83\u70ba\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u5be6\u7528\u7684 Python \u6280\u5de7\u8207\u7bc4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h2>\n

`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u503c\u3002\u901a\u904e\u6b63\u78ba\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7dad\u8b77\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff08\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff09<\/h2>\n

**Q1: \u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u6642\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d AttributeError\uff1f**
\nA1: \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u6307\u5b9a\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7576\u5c6c\u6027\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6642\u5c31\u4e0d\u6703\u62cb\u51fa\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u8a72\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q2: getattr() \u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u8a2a\u554f\u5c6c\u6027\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\uff1f**
\nA2: \u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u53ef\u4ee5\u52d5\u614b\u7372\u53d6\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u5c6c\u6027\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8a2a\u554f\u5247\u5fc5\u9808\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c6c\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q3: \u5728\u4f55\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u6703\u7279\u5225\u6709\u7528\uff1f**
\nA3: \u5728\u9700\u8981\u6839\u64da\u7528\u6236\u8f38\u5165\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u52d5\u614b\u689d\u4ef6\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4ee3\u78bc\u66f4\u9748\u6d3b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u786c\u7de8\u78bc\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u3002<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

getattr()\u51fd\u6578\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5167\u7f6e\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u7372\u53d6\u8a72\u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39getattr()\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5728Python\u4e2d\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-3306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-Rk","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3306"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12870,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3306\/revisions\/12870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}