<\/p>\n
Python 3.7 \u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684 dataclass() \u51fd\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u66f4\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u5b9a\u7fa9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\u3002\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u50c5\u7c21\u5316\u4e86\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u9084\u81ea\u52d5\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 __init__<\/strong>()\u3001__repr__<\/strong>()\u3001__eq__<\/strong>() \u7b49\uff0c\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u696d\u52d9\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u5be6\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 dataclass() \u5b9a\u7fa9\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u985e\u5225\u5b9a\u7fa9\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a @dataclass \u88dd\u98fe\u5668\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4e0a\u8ff0\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86\u4e00\u500b Person \u985e\u5225\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u5169\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\uff1aname \u548c age\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u5b57\u4e32\u548c\u6574\u6578\u985e\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 dataclass() \u5b9a\u7fa9\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\u5f8c\uff0cPython \u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u8b93\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e0a\u9762\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684 Person \u985e\u5225\uff0cPython \u5c07\u81ea\u52d5\u751f\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n 1. **__init__()**\uff1a\u63a5\u6536 name \u548c age \u5169\u500b\u53c3\u6578\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5b83\u5011\u8a2d\u7f6e\u70ba\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n 2. **__repr__()**\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n 3. **__eq__()**\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f03\u5169\u500b\u7269\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u4f7f\u7528 dataclass \u6642\uff0c\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u5305\u62ec\u672a\u6b63\u78ba\u5c0e\u5165 dataclass \u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u5b9a\u7fa9\u6642\u672a\u4f7f\u7528 @dataclass \u88dd\u98fe\u5668\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u5c0e\u5165\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u4e26\u9075\u5faa Python \u7684\u547d\u540d\u898f\u7bc4\u4f86\u907f\u514d\u9019\u4e9b\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 dataclass \u6642\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u70ba\u985e\u5225\u6dfb\u52a0\u9ed8\u8a8d\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f37\u5176\u9748\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n Dataclass \u9664\u4e86\u7528\u65bc\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u5176\u4ed6 Python \u529f\u80fd\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u8cc7\u6599\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5eab\uff0c\u5982 `pydantic`\uff0c\u4f86\u9032\u884c\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u9a57\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n\u4f7f\u7528 dataclass() \u5b9a\u7fa9\u8cc7\u6599\u985e\u5225<\/h2>\n
\nfrom dataclasses import dataclass\n\n@dataclass\nclass Person:\n name: str\n age: int\n<\/pre>\n
\u81ea\u52d5\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
\n def __init__(self, name, age):\n self.name = name\n self.age = age\n <\/pre>\n
\n def __repr__(self):\n return f'Person(name={self.name}, age={self.age})'\n <\/pre>\n\n def __eq__(self, other):\n if isinstance(other, Person):\n return self.name == other.name and self.age == other.age\n return NotImplemented\n <\/pre>\n
\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10<\/h2>\n
\n@dataclass\nclass Person:\n name: str\n age: int = 0 # \u9ed8\u8a8d\u5e74\u9f61\u70ba 0\n<\/pre>\n
\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n