{"id":3132,"date":"2025-05-31T16:15:42","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:50:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=3132"},"modified":"2025-06-04T16:15:42","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:50:41","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e7%9a%84dir%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e7%9a%84dir%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u7684 dir() \u51fd\u6578\uff1a2025 \u6700\u65b0\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u7684 dir() \u51fd\u6578<\/h1>\n

Python \u7684 dir() \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u5167\u5efa\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u9b06\u67e5\u770b\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6a21\u7d44\u4e2d\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39 dir() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u5be6\u4f5c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u5728 Python \u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f dir() \u51fd\u6578\uff1f<\/h2>\n

dir() \u51fd\u6578\u662f Python \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5167\u5efa\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u5217\u51fa\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e86\u89e3\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4ee5\u53ca\u8abf\u8a66\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5167\u5efa\u985e\u5225\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u985e\u5225\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6a21\u7d44\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 dir() \u90fd\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u7372\u53d6\u76f8\u95dc\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 dir() \u51fd\u6578\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 dir() \u51fd\u6578\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u7d42\u7aef\u6a5f\u6216 Python \u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u8f38\u5165 dir() \u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4e26\u50b3\u5165\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u6216\u6a21\u7d44\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

**\u793a\u4f8b 1\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u4e32\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5**<\/p>\n

“`python
\ndir(str)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u57f7\u884c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c07\u5f97\u5230\u5b57\u4e32\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\n[‘__add__’, ‘__class__’, ‘__contains__’, ‘__delattr__’, ‘__dir__’, ‘__doc__’, ‘__eq__’, ‘__format__’, ‘__ge__’, ‘__getattribute__’, ‘__getitem__’, ‘__getnewargs__’, ‘__gt__’, ‘__hash__’, ‘__init__’, ‘__init_subclass__’, ‘__iter__’, ‘__le__’, ‘__len__’, ‘__lt__’, ‘__mod__’, ‘__mul__’, ‘__ne__’, ‘__new__’, ‘__reduce__’, ‘__reduce_ex__’, ‘__repr__’, ‘__rmod__’, ‘__rmul__’, ‘__setattr__’, ‘__sizeof__’, ‘__str__’, ‘__subclasshook__’, ‘capitalize’, ‘casefold’, ‘center’, ‘count’, ‘encode’, ‘endswith’, ‘expandtabs’, ‘find’, ‘format’, ‘format_map’, ‘index’, ‘isalnum’, ‘isalpha’, ‘isdecimal’, ‘isdigit’, ‘isidentifier’, ‘islower’, ‘isnumeric’, ‘isprintable’, ‘isspace’, ‘istitle’, ‘isupper’, ‘join’, ‘ljust’, ‘lower’, ‘lstrip’, ‘maketrans’, ‘partition’, ‘replace’, ‘rfind’, ‘rindex’, ‘rjust’, ‘rpartition’, ‘rsplit’, ‘rstrip’, ‘split’, ‘splitlines’, ‘startswith’, ‘strip’, ‘swapcase’, ‘title’, ‘translate’, ‘upper’, ‘zfill’]\n“`<\/p>\n

**\u793a\u4f8b 2\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u985e\u5225\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5**<\/p>\n

“`python
\nclass MyClass:
\n def __init__(self):
\n self.attribute = ‘Hello’<\/p>\n

def method(self):
\n return ‘World’<\/p>\n

dir(MyClass)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u9019\u5c07\u986f\u793a MyClass \u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec `__init__` \u548c `method`\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u985e\u5225\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n

dir() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u512a\u9ede<\/h2>\n

dir() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u512a\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc5\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u67e5\u95b1\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6a94\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u5feb\u901f\u8abf\u8a66\u548c\u4e86\u89e3\u6a21\u7d44\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u65b0\u624b\u66f4\u5feb\u4e0a\u624b Python\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u5167\u5efa\u985e\u5225\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 dir() \u51fd\u6578\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u6642\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9047\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n

– **TypeError**: \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u50b3\u5165\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u4e0d\u662f\u7269\u4ef6\u6216\u6a21\u7d44\uff0cPython \u6703\u62cb\u51fa\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u50b3\u5165\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u985e\u578b\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u3002
\n– **NameError**: \u7576\u4f60\u5617\u8a66\u67e5\u770b\u672a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u6216\u6a21\u7d44\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u8b8a\u6578\u6216\u6a21\u7d44\u7684\u540d\u7a31\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n

dir() \u51fd\u6578\u4e0d\u50c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u5167\u5efa\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207 Python \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5167\u5efa\u51fd\u6578\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8207 help() \u51fd\u6578\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u66f4\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8aaa\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nhelp(str)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u9019\u5c07\u986f\u793a\u5b57\u4e32\u985e\u5225\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u82e5\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u5b78\u7fd2 Python \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003 [\u9019\u7bc7\u6559\u5b78\u6587\u7ae0](https:\/\/yourwebsite.vocus.cc\/python-tutorial)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86 Python \u7684 dir() \u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u512a\u9ede\u548c\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664\u3002\u900f\u904e\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f60\u61c9\u8a72\u80fd\u5920\u5feb\u901f\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u500b\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u7a0b\u5f0f\u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff08Q&A\uff09<\/h2>\n

**Q1: dir() \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u5426\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u65bc\u5167\u5efa\u985e\u5225\uff1f**
\nA1: \u4e0d\uff0cdir() \u51fd\u6578\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u6240\u6709 Python \u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u985e\u5225\u548c\u6a21\u7d44\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q2: \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 dir() \u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u67e5\u770b\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u55ce\uff1f**
\nA2: \u662f\u7684\uff0cdir() \u51fd\u6578\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u67e5\u770b\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q3: dir() \u548c help() \u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\uff1f**
\nA3: dir() \u51fd\u6578\u5217\u51fa\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c help() \u51fd\u6578\u63d0\u4f9b\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

dir()\u51fd\u6578\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u67e5\u770b\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39dir()\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4f86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406Python\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-3132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-Ow","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3132"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3133,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3132\/revisions\/3133"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}