{"id":3084,"date":"2025-06-02T16:01:24","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:58:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=3084"},"modified":"2025-06-04T16:01:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T08:58:23","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84getstate%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84getstate%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Python\u4e2d\u7684`getstate()`\u51fd\u6578\uff1a\u6700\u65b0\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Python\u4e2d\u7684`getstate()`\u51fd\u6578<\/h1>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c`getstate()`\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u7372\u53d6\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u7269\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7279\u5225\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u900f\u904e\u9019\u500b\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u80fd\u5920\u8f15\u9b06\u4fdd\u5b58\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u6062\u5fa9\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f`getstate()`\u51fd\u6578\uff1f<\/p>\n

`getstate()`\u51fd\u6578\u662f`__getstate__`\u7684\u7c21\u5beb\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u6642\uff0cPython\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u8abf\u7528\u9019\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8a31\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5982\u4f55\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f7f\u7528`pickle`\u6a21\u7d44\u9032\u884c\u7269\u4ef6\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7279\u5225\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

### `getstate()`\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\u51fd\u6578\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u9700\u5c07\u7269\u4ef6\u4f5c\u70ba\u53c3\u6578\u50b3\u5165\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9a5f\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. **\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u4ef6\u985e\u5225**\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u8a72\u7269\u4ef6\u61c9\u8a72\u5be6\u73fe`getstate()`\u548c`setstate()`\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n2. **\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u72c0\u614b**\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u7576\u524d\u72c0\u614b\u3002
\n3. **\u4fdd\u5b58\u72c0\u614b**\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528`pickle`\u5c07\u72c0\u614b\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002
\n4. **\u6062\u5fa9\u72c0\u614b**\uff1a\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6\u72c0\u614b\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528`setstate()`\u4f86\u6062\u5fa9\u7269\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u5177\u9ad4\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\u548c`setstate()`\u4f86\u5132\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u5fa9\u7269\u4ef6\u72c0\u614b\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport pickle<\/p>\n

class MyObject:
\n def __init__(self, my_attribute):
\n self.my_attribute = my_attribute<\/p>\n

def __getstate__(self):
\n return self.my_attribute<\/p>\n

def __setstate__(self, state):
\n self.my_attribute = state<\/p>\n

# \u5275\u5efa\u7269\u4ef6
\nmy_object = MyObject(“Hello, World!”)<\/p>\n

# \u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b
\nstate = my_object.__getstate__()<\/p>\n

# \u5132\u5b58\u72c0\u614b\u5230\u6587\u4ef6
\nwith open(‘my_object.pickle’, ‘wb’) as f:
\n pickle.dump(state, f)<\/p>\n

# \u5f9e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8f09\u5165\u72c0\u614b
\nwith open(‘my_object.pickle’, ‘rb’) as f:
\n state = pickle.load(f)<\/p>\n

# \u6062\u5fa9\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b
\nmy_object.__setstate__(state)<\/p>\n

print(my_object.my_attribute) # \u8f38\u51fa: Hello, World!
\n“`<\/p>\n

### \u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\u6216`setstate()`\u6642\u9047\u5230\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u9ede\uff1a<\/p>\n

– \u78ba\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u985e\u5225\u5be6\u73fe\u4e86`__getstate__`\u548c`__setstate__`\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n– \u6aa2\u67e5\u60a8\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u5c0e\u5165`pickle`\u6a21\u7d44\u3002
\n– \u78ba\u8a8d\u8b80\u53d6\u548c\u5beb\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f91\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u78ba\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/p>\n

– **\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8907\u88fd**\uff1a\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`pickle`\u4f86\u5275\u5efa\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u8907\u88fd\u3002
\n– **\u7269\u4ef6\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236**\uff1a\u5728\u5b58\u5132\u5c0d\u8c61\u72c0\u614b\u6642\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u616e\u5c0d\u72c0\u614b\u9032\u884c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u5c07\u4f86\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u4e2d\u517c\u5bb9\u820a\u7248\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u7d50\u8ad6<\/p>\n

`getstate()`\u51fd\u6578\u5728Python\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u958b\u767c\u8005\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u9032\u884c\u7269\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6062\u5fa9\u7269\u4ef6\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u9019\u500b\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0d\u65bc\u63d0\u5347Python\u958b\u767c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u9700\u6df1\u5165\u5b78\u7fd2Python\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003[\u9019\u88e1](https:\/\/miner.tw\/python-serialization)\u3002<\/p>\n

### \u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff08Q&A\uff09<\/p>\n

**Q1: `getstate()`\u548c`setstate()`\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5340\u5225\uff1f**
\nA1: `getstate()`\u7528\u65bc\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u800c`setstate()`\u5247\u7528\u65bc\u6062\u5fa9\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q2: \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\uff1f**
\nA2: \u7576\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5c07\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u7db2\u7d61\u4e2d\u50b3\u8f38\u7269\u4ef6\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`getstate()`\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q3: \u4f7f\u7528`pickle`\u6a21\u7d44\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9805\uff1f**
\nA3: \u4f7f\u7528`pickle`\u6642\uff0c\u8acb\u6ce8\u610f\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5f9e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u4f86\u6e90\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u57f7\u884c\u60e1\u610f\u4ee3\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

getstate()\u51fd\u6578\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u7372\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5176\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u9593\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u8a73\u7d30\u4ecb\u7d39Python\u4e2d\u7684getstate()\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-3084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-NK","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3084"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12937,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3084\/revisions\/12937"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}