{"id":3002,"date":"2025-06-02T16:42:45","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=3002"},"modified":"2025-06-04T16:42:45","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:11:45","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84getattr%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84getattr%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u7684 getattr() \u51fd\u6578\uff1a2025 \u6700\u65b0\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u7684 getattr() \u51fd\u6578<\/h1>\n

\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u53d6\u5f97\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e09\u500b\u53c3\u6578\uff1a\u7269\u4ef6\u3001\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u3001\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff08\u53ef\u9078\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8a72\u7269\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u5247\u6703\u8fd4\u56de\u8a72\u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u503c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5247\u8fd4\u56de\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\uff09\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u62cb\u51fa `AttributeError` \u7570\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b<\/h2>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4f86\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nclass Person:
\n def __init__(self, name, age):
\n self.name = name
\n self.age = age<\/p>\n

person = Person(‘John’, 20)<\/p>\n

# \u53d6\u5f97 name \u5c6c\u6027
\nname = getattr(person, ‘name’)
\nprint(name) # John<\/p>\n

# \u53d6\u5f97 age \u5c6c\u6027
\nage = getattr(person, ‘age’)
\nprint(age) # 20<\/p>\n

# \u53d6\u5f97\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u5b9a\u9810\u8a2d\u503c
\ngender = getattr(person, ‘gender’, ‘Male’)
\nprint(gender) # Male
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u500b\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5275\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u500b `Person` \u985e\u5225\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u53d6\u5f97 `name` \u548c `age` \u5c6c\u6027\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u9084\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5c6c\u6027 `gender`\uff0c\u4e26\u70ba\u5176\u6307\u5b9a\u9810\u8a2d\u503c `’Male’`\u3002<\/p>\n

getattr() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u512a\u9ede<\/h2>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u512a\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u70ba\u5c6c\u6027\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u5f15\u767c\u7684 `AttributeError` \u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u932f\u8aa4\u8655\u7406\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u80fd\u5920\u8f15\u9b06\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff0c\u8b93\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u8207\u5065\u58ef\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 `getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u6642\u9047\u5230\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. **AttributeError**: \u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u6240\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u540d\u7a31\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u985e\u5225\u4e2d\u78ba\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u8a72\u5c6c\u6027\u3002
\n2. **TypeError**: \u78ba\u4fdd\u4f60\u50b3\u905e\u7d66 `getattr()` \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e14\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u4e32\u3002
\n3. **\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\u672a\u751f\u6548**: \u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5728 `getattr()` \u8abf\u7528\u4e2d\u6b63\u78ba\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n

`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u4e0d\u50c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u67e5\u8a62\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u66f4\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5b58\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6839\u64da\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8f38\u5165\u52d5\u614b\u7372\u53d6\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\uff0c`getattr()` \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82e5\u60f3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22 Python \u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u53c3\u8003 [\u9019\u7bc7\u6559\u5b78\u6587\u7ae0](https:\/\/vocus.cc)\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5be6\u7528\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff08\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff09<\/h2>\n

**Q1: getattr() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u6703\u7528\u5230\uff1f**
\nA1: \u7576\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u7269\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6642\uff0c`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u5c07\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u9810\u8a2d\u503c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7a0b\u5f0f\u56e0\u70ba\u5c6c\u6027\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u62cb\u51fa\u7570\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q2: \u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u51fd\u6578\u662f\u5426\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u6027\u80fd\uff1f**
\nA2: \u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u5fae\u4e4e\u5176\u5fae\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u5b58\u53d6\u7269\u4ef6\u5c6c\u6027\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u9060\u5927\u65bc\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u8003\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q3: \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 getattr() \u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u8abf\u7528\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u55ce\uff1f**
\nA3: \u662f\u7684\uff0c`getattr()` \u51fd\u6578\u4e0d\u50c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u5c6c\u6027\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u8abf\u7528\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u78ba\u4fdd\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u7a31\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u53d6\u5f97\u5f8c\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u7528\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

getattr()\u51fd\u6578\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5167\u7f6e\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u7372\u53d6\u5c0d\u8c61\u7684\u5c6c\u6027\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u67e5\u5c0d\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u500b\u5c6c\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u7372\u53d6\u8a72\u5c6c\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c07\u4ecb\u7d39getattr()\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406Python\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-3002","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-Mq","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3002"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3002\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12969,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3002\/revisions\/12969"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}