{"id":2868,"date":"2025-05-30T16:48:27","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:33:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=2868"},"modified":"2025-06-04T16:48:27","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:33:27","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e7%9a%84try-except%e4%be%86%e6%8d%95%e7%8d%b2%e5%92%8c%e8%99%95%e7%90%86%e7%95%b0%e5%b8%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e7%9a%84try-except%e4%be%86%e6%8d%95%e7%8d%b2%e5%92%8c%e8%99%95%e7%90%86%e7%95%b0%e5%b8%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u7684 Try-Except \u9032\u884c\u7570\u5e38\u8655\u7406\uff1a2025 \u6700\u65b0\u5be6\u8e10\u8207\u7bc4\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Python \u7684 `try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u6709\u6548\u6355\u7372\u548c\u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u8b93\u4f60\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u932f\u8aa4\u6642\u4ecd\u80fd\u9806\u5229\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u4e2d\u65b7\u57f7\u884c\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c07\u5e36\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3 `try-except` \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u4f5c\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u5728 Python \u958b\u767c\u4e2d\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u7570\u5e38\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u7570\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u7a0b\u5f0f\u57f7\u884c\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u9019\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u6216\u74b0\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7dda\u5931\u6557\uff09\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002Python \u5141\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528 `try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u6355\u7372\u9019\u4e9b\u7570\u5e38\u4e26\u57f7\u884c\u76f8\u61c9\u7684\u8655\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

Try-Except \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 `try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5c07\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u653e\u5728 `try` \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u653e\u5728 `except` \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

“`python
\ntry:
\n # \u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc
\nexcept Exception as e:
\n # \u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc
\n print(f”\u767c\u751f\u7570\u5e38: {e}”)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u6355\u7372\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u5c07\u7570\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\u8f38\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u5c0d\u65bc\u9664\u932f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6355\u7372\u7279\u5b9a\u7570\u5e38<\/h2>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u6355\u7372\u6240\u6709\u7570\u5e38\u5916\uff0c`try-except` \u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u7372\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u80fd\u8b93\u4f60\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u57f7\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

“`python
\ntry:
\n # \u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc
\n value = int(input(“\u8acb\u8f38\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u6574\u6578: “))
\nexcept ValueError:
\n # \u8655\u7406 ValueError \u7570\u5e38
\n print(“\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6574\u6578\u3002”)
\nexcept TypeError:
\n # \u8655\u7406 TypeError \u7570\u5e38
\n print(“\u985e\u578b\u932f\u8aa4\uff0c\u8acb\u6aa2\u67e5\u8f38\u5165\u3002”)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5be6\u4f5c\u80fd\u8b93\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5728\u8f38\u5165\u932f\u8aa4\u6642\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u8b93\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7570\u5e38\u7d42\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664\u6280\u5de7<\/h2>\n

\u7576\u4f60\u9047\u5230\u7570\u5e38\u6642\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. **\u4f7f\u7528 `traceback` \u6a21\u7d44**\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60\u7372\u53d6\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n “`python
\n import traceback<\/p>\n

try:
\n # \u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc
\n except Exception:
\n traceback.print_exc()
\n “`<\/p>\n

2. **\u65e5\u8a8c\u8a18\u9304**\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u7684 `logging` \u6a21\u7d44\u4f86\u8a18\u9304\u7570\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50c5\u50c5\u8f38\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n

`try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u4e0d\u50c5\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7570\u5e38\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u529f\u80fd\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u91cd\u8a66\u6a5f\u5236\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u91cd\u8a66\u6a5f\u5236\u7bc4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport time<\/p>\n

def fetch_data():
\n for _ in range(3): # \u6700\u591a\u91cd\u8a66\u4e09\u6b21
\n try:
\n # \u5617\u8a66\u57f7\u884c\u67d0\u500b\u64cd\u4f5c
\n response = request_data() # \u5047\u8a2d\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u51fd\u6578
\n return response
\n except ConnectionError:
\n print(“\u9023\u7dda\u5931\u6557\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u8a66…”)
\n time.sleep(2) # \u7b49\u5f85 2 \u79d2\u5f8c\u91cd\u8a66
\n print(“\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8a66\u5747\u5931\u6557\u3002”)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5065\u58ef\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u8655\u7406\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8cc7\u6e90\u6642\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n

Python \u7684 `try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u6355\u7372\u548c\u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u80fd\u8b93\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u51fa\u73fe\u932f\u8aa4\u6642\u4ecd\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u884c\uff0c\u9084\u80fd\u66f4\u7cbe\u78ba\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7570\u5e38\u8655\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4f60\u7de8\u5beb\u66f4\u5065\u58ef\u7684 Python \u7a0b\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u9700\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684 Python \u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8003 [vocus.cc \u7684 Python \u6559\u5b78\u6587](https:\/\/vocus.cc) \u6216 [miner.tw \u7684 Python \u8cc7\u6e90](https:\/\/miner.tw)\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff08\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff09<\/h2>\n

**Q1: `try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957\u4f7f\u7528\u55ce\uff1f**
\nA1: \u662f\u7684\uff0c`try-except` \u8a9e\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u5340\u584a\u9032\u884c\u7570\u5e38\u8655\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q2: \u5982\u4f55\u6355\u7372\u6240\u6709\u7570\u5e38\uff1f**
\nA2: \u4f7f\u7528 `except Exception as e:` \u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u7372\u6240\u6709\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u5efa\u8b70\u50c5\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u6642\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6a23\u6703\u96b1\u85cf\u5176\u4ed6\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q3: `finally` \u5340\u584a\u7684\u7528\u9014\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f**
\nA3: `finally` \u5340\u584a\u4e2d\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u5426\u767c\u751f\u7570\u5e38\u90fd\u6703\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u65bc\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u95dc\u9589\u6a94\u6848\u6216\u91cb\u653e\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002
\n—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684Try-Except\u4f86\u6355\u7372\u548c\u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u904b\u884c\u3002\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684Try-Except\u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u6355\u7372\u548c\u8655\u7406\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u904b\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-2868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-Kg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2868"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2869,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2868\/revisions\/2869"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}