{"id":2854,"date":"2025-06-02T16:47:07","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/?p=2854"},"modified":"2025-06-04T16:47:07","modified_gmt":"2025-06-04T09:36:06","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84open%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/python\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3python%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84open%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3 Python \u4e2d\u7684 open() \u51fd\u6578\uff1a2025 \u6700\u65b0\u8a9e\u6cd5\u8207\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Python \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\uff0c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u5404\u7a2e\u958b\u767c\u9818\u57df\u3002\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 `open()` \u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8b80\u53d6\u6216\u5beb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c07\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8a0e `open()` \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u5be6\u4f5c\u7bc4\u4f8b\u53ca\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u958b\u767c\u8005\u57282025\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u5730\u9032\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u8655\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

open() \u51fd\u6578\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

`open()` \u51fd\u6578\u662f Python \u4e2d\u7528\u65bc\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u5176\u8a9e\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nf = open(filename, mode)
\n“`<\/p>\n

– `filename` \u662f\u8981\u6253\u958b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u8def\u5f91\u6216\u7d55\u5c0d\u8def\u5f91\u3002
\n– `mode` \u5247\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u958b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u7a2e\uff1a
\n – `’r’`\uff1a\u8b80\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u9810\u8a2d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u8b80\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\u3002
\n – `’w’`\uff1a\u5beb\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u5beb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5247\u6703\u88ab\u8986\u84cb\u3002
\n – `’a’`\uff1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u6703\u8986\u84cb\u539f\u6709\u5167\u5bb9\u3002
\n – `’b’`\uff1a\u4e8c\u9032\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u4ee5\u4e8c\u9032\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8b80\u53d6\u6216\u5beb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u53ef\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5f0f\u7d50\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc<\/h2>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 `open()` \u51fd\u6578\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\n# \u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6
\nf = open(‘test.txt’, ‘r’)<\/p>\n

# \u8b80\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9
\ncontent = f.read()<\/p>\n

# \u95dc\u9589\u6587\u4ef6
\nf.close()<\/p>\n

# \u5370\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9
\nprint(content)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f7f\u7528 `open()` \u51fd\u6578\u6253\u958b\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba `test.txt` \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u8b80\u53d6\u6a21\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 `f.read()` \u65b9\u6cd5\u8b80\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4f7f\u7528 `f.close()` \u65b9\u6cd5\u95dc\u9589\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u8b80\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5370\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 with \u8a9e\u53e5<\/h2>\n

\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 `with` \u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52d5\u8655\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u70ba\u5fd8\u8a18\u95dc\u9589\u6587\u4ef6\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\u6d6a\u8cbb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 `with` \u8a9e\u53e5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

“`python
\nwith open(‘test.txt’, ‘r’) as f:
\n content = f.read()
\n print(content)
\n“`<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9019\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576 `with` \u8a9e\u53e5\u7d50\u675f\u6642\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6703\u81ea\u52d5\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8207\u53ef\u8b80\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u932f\u8aa4\u6392\u9664<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 `open()` \u51fd\u6578\u6642\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9047\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e38\u898b\u932f\u8aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. **FileNotFoundError**\uff1a\u7576\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u8acb\u78ba\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6b63\u78ba\uff0c\u4e14\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f91\u3002
\n2. **PermissionError**\uff1a\u7576\u5617\u8a66\u4ee5\u4e0d\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5beb\u5165\u4e00\u500b\u53ea\u8b80\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f15\u767c\u6b64\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u6aa2\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u6b0a\u9650\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u61c9\u7528<\/h2>\n

`open()` \u51fd\u6578\u4e0d\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u8b80\u53d6\u548c\u5beb\u5165\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u65bc\u8655\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u985e\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 CSV\u3001JSON \u7b49\u3002\u9019\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u6578\u64da\u8655\u7406\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u5f37\u5927\u3002\u82e5\u60f3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406 CSV \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003 [\u6b64\u6559\u5b78](https:\/\/vocus.cc\/article\/63f20c1cfd89780001b3d3a3)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7e3d\u7d50<\/h2>\n

`open()` \u51fd\u6578\u662f Python \u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u9700\u6c42\u9078\u64c7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f86\u958b\u555f\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u8a9e\u6cd5\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u5c07\u4f7f\u5f97\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u66f4\u70ba\u9ad8\u6548\u8207\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

Q&A\uff08\u5e38\u898b\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u7b54\uff09<\/h2>\n

**Q1: \u5982\u4f55\u8655\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8b80\u53d6\uff1f**
\nA1: \u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u4f7f\u7528 `readline()` \u6216 `readlines()` \u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u884c\u8b80\u53d6\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u5167\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q2: \u5982\u4f55\u78ba\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u7e3d\u662f\u88ab\u95dc\u9589\uff1f**
\nA2: \u4f7f\u7528 `with` \u8a9e\u53e5\u4f86\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u7121\u8ad6\u767c\u751f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6703\u88ab\u6b63\u78ba\u95dc\u9589\u3002<\/p>\n

**Q3: \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 `open()` \u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u5275\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u55ce\uff1f**
\nA3: \u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 `’w’` \u6216 `’a’` \u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5275\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8a71\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5beb\u5165\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4e86\u89e3Python\u4e2dopen()\u51fd\u6578\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6578\u6253\u958b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528open()\u51fd\u6578\u4f86\u8b80\u53d6\u548c\u5beb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[18],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-2854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/DALL\u00b7E-2022-12-28-14.25.55-\u62f7\u8c9d2.png","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcFK27-K2","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2854"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2855,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2854\/revisions\/2855"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/badgameshow.com\/steven\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}